Motor.



No. 666,553. y Patented 1an. 22, |9ol.- E. 6. PETTEE 6 J. J. MccuTcHAN.

(Applied-:in led May 12, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

ma mams PETERS cu. Puoourno.. wnsnmmou. n. c.

No. 666,553'. l Patented lan. 22, 190|. E. E. PETTEE & J. J. MGCUTCHAN.

MOTOR.

(Applicion med my 12, 159B.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

'lll

No. 666,553. Patented 1an.-22, |966;

E. 6. P61166 a a. mccuTcHAN.

MOTOR.

(Application filed May `12, 1899.)

' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

NITED STATES ATENT ERICE.

EDWARD E. PETTEE AND JOI-IN J. MCCUTCIIAN, OE NEW YORK, N. Y., AS.SIGNORS, RY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To TIIE AUTOMATIC AIR CARRIAGE COMPANY,OE NEW YORK.

MOTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 666,553, dated January22, 1901.

Application filed May l2, 1899. Serial No. 716,587. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, EDWARD E. PETTEE and JOHN J. MCCUTCHAN, citizens ofthe United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York andState of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors; .and we dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX- actdescription of the invention, such as will 1o enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the salme.

This invention relates to improvements in engines or motors designedprimarily to be operated by expanding gases; and the object of ourinvention is to provide an engine or motor in which the reciprocatingaction of the pistons is transformed into a continuous rotary motion.Provision is also made for reversing the revolution of the shaft at willzo without altering the valve mechanism or stopping the motion of thepistons. Furthermore, the wear of the essential parts is automaticallytaken up, thereby avoiding the necessity for the attendance of anexperienced z 5 operator, and in addition the construction chosen iscompact and light, certain and efficient i-n its operation, and easy tocontrol.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a sectional view, onthe line l l of 3o Fig. 2, of a double-cylinder engine provided with ourimprovements. Fig. 2 represents a vertical sectional elevation thereof.Fig. 3 represents an end elevation of the shaftsrevolving mechanism.

thereof, partly in plan and partly in section, on the line et 4 of Fig.2. Fig. 5 represents, partly in elevation and partly in section, anauxiliary cylinder and its appurtenances, constituting one of thedetails of the invention.

4o Fig. 6 represents, on a larger scale, one of the actuating-pawls andits ratchet.

Similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout theseveral views.

The engine, as shown in Fig. 2, comprises two cylinders A B, each havinga piston C D connected to the rods E F. The pistons are set at diiferentradial lines to accord with the usual alternating operations oftwo-piston engines. To the rods E F are attached the I J at the points ab c d. At these points a Fig. et represents a view b o dare likewisepivoted the pawls K L M N, which are connected by the springs O P with atension that forces the pawls against g the notched wheels Q R to causethe teeth or notches of the pawls to mesh with the notches upon thewheels. The Wheels Q R are rigidly attached to the gear-wheels S T,which mesh together and revolve with the shafts U V. Upon the shafts U Vare pivoted the arms 6o I J in such manner that the movements of thepistons rock these arms back and forth upon the shafts U Vand move thepawls with them.

The piston D is shown at its eXtreme downstroke. lf now the piston Cmoves downward, the piston D will move upward and the rods G H will rockthe arms I J upon the shafts U V. As these arms move they carry withthem the pawls K L M N, and as the pawls M N are held away from thewheels Q R by means 7o hereinafter explained, the pawls K L being incontact with the notched wheels Q R, the pawl L will push the wheel R inan upward direction and will cause the wheel T to move with it andrevolve the intermeshing wheel S in an opposite direction, and the pawlK will slip over the teeth or notches of the wheel Q. When the piston Dmoves downward,the arms I J are moved in an opposite direction by therods G H, and the pawl K will mesh with the 8o wheel Q and push thiswheel in a downward direction, while the pawl L will slip over the teethor notches of the wheel R. By this means the pistons C D cause thewheels S T to revolve first by means of the pawl K meshing with thewheel Q and then by the pawl L meshing with the wheel R,therebymaintaining a uniform direction of revolution for each wheel. It will beseen that while one pawl is forcing its wheel in one direction the other9o pawl is slipping over the notches of the other wheel with a backwardmotion, and when the rods G H reverse their directions of movement theslipping pawl will mesh with its wheel and cause it to revolve in anopposite IOO the curved edges of the plate W, as shown in Fig. 3, whenthis plate is moved to the right or left. The curved plate W is attachedto the two shaft-s U V by the eccentrics X Y in such manner that themovements of these eccentrics by the lever Z, operated by the yokethrows the plate W to one side or the other. As the pawls K L M N bearupon the curved edges of this plate, one direction ot' movement of theeccentrics will carry one set of pawls away from the wheels Q R andallow the other set to mesh with the wheels, while the oppositedirection of movement will bring the idle pawls into contact with thewheels and remove the others. If the plate W is placed in a neutralposition, both sets of pawls y are raised from the Wheels Q R, and thepawls do not mesh with their wheels, but move back and forth upon thecurved edges of the plate W, and the shafts U V come to a standstill,while the engine or motor may continue in operation. By this meanseither set of pawls may be brought into contact with the wheels Q and Rat will, one set revolving the shafts U V in one direction and the otherset revolving these shafts in an opposite direction. As will be seen,the pawl M will push the wheel Q in an opposite direction to that ofpawl K, and pawl N will push the wheel R in an opposite direction tothat of pawlL. The curved edges of the plate W are so formed that thepawls may move over the curved surfaces upon their rollers, and only oneset of pawls can at any time mesh with' the Wheels Q and R, as one setis raised away from the wheels before the other set makes a contact.

As will readily be seen, we are enabled to reverse the direction ofrotation of the shafts U V at will without stopping the engine oraltering the valve mechanism by simply throwing into action one or theother set of pawls by means of the plate W, as shown by dotted lines inFig. 3.

In the view represented in Fig. 4 are clearly shown the ratchet-wheels RR, attached to the gear-wheel T, the curved plate W, with the pawl Nraised from the notched wheel R R and the pawlLin contact therewith. Theroller f bears upon the 'edge of the plate W, while the roller h doesnot touch the plate W, thus allowing the pawl L to mesh with the notchesof the wheel R R and vibrate upon its pin d during its backwardmovement.

The springs O P, Figs. 2 and 3, draw the pawls M N K L and the arms I Jtogether with a tension that tends to cause the pawls to mesh with thenotches of the wheels, and yet allow one pawl of each set to slip overthese notches during its backward motion. This continual tension of thesprings O P upon the arms I J and pawls M N K L takes` up the wear ofthe pawls upon their pins and the wear of the arms I J upon theirbearings on the shafts U V and at the points a b c d, which support thepawls and rods Gr H.

In the enlarged View, Fig. 5, is shown the auxiliary cylinder A2, asindicated in dotted lines in Figs. l and 2, together with mechanism oroperating the valves E2 and E3. The cylinder A2 has a piston A3, whoserod is prolonged and lits over a square guide-rod s, attached to theengine-frame at y. This square rod prevents the piston A3 and its rodfrom turning and is inclosed in a coil-spring q, which tends to forcethe piston within the cylinder. Attached to the piston-rod is a pawl p,with a tension-spring o pressing upon it in such manner as to hold theheel t upon the seat u. When the piston A3 is depressed, the pawlp movesdownward in a straight line and will contact with any obstruction withinits path, with a tendency to push the obstruction out of the way. Theily-wheel C2 is revolved upon its bearing a; by the connectingrod B2, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, which rod is connected to the armcoresponding to I upon the back of the wheel S at the bearing z.' Thisfly-wheel has formed upon its periphery the two lugs fm n, which projectinto the path of the pawl p when the wheel revolves. To the ily-wheel C2is rigidly attached the pin D2 at a point without the center of thevwheel. Consequently when the wheel revolves the pin travels in a circleabout the center of revolution in manner similar to an eccentric. Thepin D2 revolves within a block o, and this block slides within a slotcut in the yoke O3, as shown in dotted lines. The yoke C3 is pivoted tothe engine-frame at @and its two arms are attached to the links D3 andD4, which move the valves E3l and E2. As the ily-wheel is revolved bythe connecting-rod B2 in Fig. 1 the pin D2 moves with it in a circularpath, and being within the block t this block is carried with the pin upand down the slot in the yoke O3 and forces the yoke first to one sideand then to the other, thus raising one valve and lowering the other toallow the steam or other actuating 'fluid to enter the cylinders A and Bat the proper time.

If at any time the ily-wheel C2 should stop in such manner that thebearings w, fr, and z are in line, the piston O or D would be unable todescend on account of the rigid position of the connecting-rod B2. Toprovide against this contingency, we introduce the auxiliary cylinderA2, as shown in dotted lines in Figs. l and 2 and enlarged in Fig. 5. Asstated above, the ily-wheel O2 is formed with the lugs m and u on itsperiphery. These lugs are so located that should the wheel stop andbring the bearings w m z in line one of the lugs will be in the path ofthe pawl p. Consequently when the throttle valve is opened the I luidwill pass to the valve-chest and then into the cylinder A2 and willpress down the piston A3 and hold it down as long as there is pressurein the valve-chest. As the piston A8 descends the pawl p comes intoContact with the lug m or n and moves it along in its path, thusrevolving the ily-wheel IOO IIO

C2 sufciently to throw the bearings w, an, and z out of line and allowthe piston C or D to descend and perform its duty. When uid is shut offfrom the valve-chest and the pressure upon the piston A3 is removed, thetension of the spring q raises the piston within the cylinder A2 andplaces the pawl p in readiness to repeat the operation. In the u pwardmovement of the pawl p should it meet one of the lugs m or n the springo will be depressed and allow the pawl to slip over the lug, and whenaway from the lug the spring o will force the' heel t against the seat uand maintain it in position for operating the iiywheel. It will be seenthat the operation of the piston A3 is automatic, as the cylinder A2 isin direct connection with the valve-chest by the passage S4, Fig. 1.Whenevertluid is admitted to the valve-chest it also enters the cylinderA3. Consequently if the fly-wheel C2 has stopped, so that one of thelugs rml or n is in the path of the pawl p, the iiy-wheel is turned offof the center and the engine may perform its duty.

The cylinders A and B are jacketed by the spaces S2, as shown in Figs. 1and 2, in order to pass hot gases about the cylinders, and the wholemechanism is inclosed by the casing S3.

In Fig. 6 is shown one of the pawls meshing with one of the toothedwheels. D is the toothed wheel, and A is the pawl, with its bearing atB. The lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are drawn perpendicular to the facesof the teeth a, b, c, CZ, e, and f and show that the majority of theselines pass below the center of the bearing B, showing that those teethwhose perpendicular lines 3, 41, 5, and 6 are below the center of B willtend to force the pawl A against the wheel D and prevent its rising fromor slipping out of the notches or teeth ot' the Wheel D when the pawl ismovedl in the direction of the arrow to rotate the wheel. It will alsobe noted that when the pawl A is moved backward in an opposite directionto the arrow and the wheel D continues to revolve in the direction ofthe arrow the teeth of the pawl will rise upon the inclined planes ofthe teeth upon the wheel and allow thepawl to slip over the periphery ofthe wheel until the pawl again moves in the direction ot' the arrow andagain meshes with the teeth of the wheel to continue its rotation.

The pawl-and-ratchet mechanism for converting motion is not claimed inthis application, but forms the su bject-matter of a separeceivingposition, independent of the action on the gear by the engine-piston,whereby the engine may always be started by opening the throttle-valve;substantially as described.

3. In an engine, valve-shifting mechanism comprising a rotary disk orfly-wheel driven from the engine and carrying a crank-pin and anoscillating yoke within which said crankpin travels, said yoke beingoperatively connected with the valves, and means in communication withthe fluid-supply and operative upon the fly-wheel for throwing the partsoff the dead-center,substantially as described.

4;. In an engine, valve-shifting mechanism, comprising a rotatory diskor iiy-wheel, a driver-arm for rotating the disk, a crank-pin carried bythe disk, an oscillating yoke within which the crank-pin travels, saidyoke being operatively connected with the valves, and a cylinder-pistonin communication with the fluid-supply and adapted to carry thedriverarm past the dead-center should occasion require; substantially asdescribed.

5. In an engine, valve-shifting mechanism, comprising a rotatory disk orfly-wheel, a driver-arm for rotating the disk, a crank-pin carried bythe disk, an oscillating yoke Within which the crank-pin travels, saidyoke being operatively connected with the valves, and a cylinder-pistonadapted to carry the driverarm past the dead-center should occasionrequire, said piston being spring-seated, and carrying a spring-pawl,adapted to engage with an abutment upon the disk; substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof We affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

EDWARD E. PETTEE. JOHN J. MCCUTCHAN. Witnesses:

OHAs. J. HENSLEY, M. WILsoN.

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